The dynamics of global politics in the digital era are increasingly complex with the presence of information and communication technology which changes the way we interact and access information. The use of social media, digital platforms, and algorithms that create filter bubbles significantly influence public perception and the political process. One important aspect of this dynamic is the emergence of “soft power” resulting from wider access to information. Countries are now using social media to strengthen their image in the eyes of the world. For example, platforms like Twitter and Facebook are optimized by governments to disseminate their ideas, policies and culture. This allows them to reach international audiences quickly and effectively. On the other hand, the digital era also gives power to non-state actors, such as civil society organizations, activist groups, and even individuals to influence global politics. A clear example is the #MeToo and Black Lives Matter movements, which utilized social media to organize campaigns and raise global awareness of social issues. In this context, internet users are becoming more involved and have a greater voice in politics. Changes in voting behavior are also one of the dynamics in the digital era. With an abundance of information, voters are now more critical and often exposed to fake news or misleading information. Therefore, information security and digital literacy are becoming increasingly important for understanding complex political contexts. Platforms have implemented algorithms to combat fake news, but challenges remain in establishing effective laws and appropriate regulations. Political influence is also visible in aspects of cyber security. Negotiations between countries in a global context are often related to cyber issues. Cyber attacks on critical infrastructure and elections have led many countries to increase their cyber defenses. International collaboration in cybersecurity is critical to maintaining stability in an increasingly connected world. No less important, surveillance and privacy have become hot topics in global political discussions. Governments in various countries use digital technology to monitor their citizens, raising ethical questions regarding individual freedoms and human rights. On the other hand, technology companies also play a role in collecting big data that can be used for political influence, creating a crisis of trust between society and institutions. Finally, digital diplomacy is emerging as a new method in international relations. Countries are adopting a digital approach to diplomacy, seeking to communicate more directly and transparently with other countries. This creates opportunities for closer collaboration, as well as new challenges where injustice and misinformation can spread quickly. Overall, global political dynamics in the digital era show increasingly strong interconnections between technology and public policy. Stakeholders need to understand and adapt to these changes to facilitate more constructive dialogue in the international arena, while maintaining a balance between security and individual freedom. With this evolution, new challenges and opportunities will continue to emerge, influencing the future direction of global politics.
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